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ObjectiveTo determine a measurement standard of irregular scar area by comparing the ad-vantages and disadvantages of different measurement methods in measuring same irregular scar area. MethodsIrregular scar area was scanned by digital scanning and measured by coordinate reading method, AutoCAD pixel method, Photoshop lasso pixel method, Photoshop magic bar filled pixel method and Foxit PDF reading software, and some aspects of these methods such as measurement time, repeata-bility, whether could be recorded and whether could be traced were compared and analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the scar areas by the measurement methods above. However, there was statistical difference in the measurement time and repeatability by one or multi performers and only Foxit PDF reading software could be traced back.ConclusionThe methods above can be used for measuring scar area, but each one has its advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to develop new measurement software for forensic identification.
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Echinococcosis (hydatid disease) caused by the metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm is a seri-ous zoonotic infection ,which leads to a large amount of economic loss in human and animals .It needs to be prevented urgently . The EG95 protein is highly conserved and crucial for survival and development of E .granulosus in the host ,which means that it is one of the potential candidate antigens for vaccines characterized so far .Great effort has been made to construct and ex-press the recombinant EG95 (rEG95) gene in various kinds of expression systems in order to obtain an efficient defined antigen . This review will summarize research progress on expression of rEG95 in different vector systems .
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The incidence of acute kidney injury(AKI) in neonate is not low,it occurs in many cases such as ischemic-hypoxic injury,infection,administration of nephrotoxicity drugs and urinary tract obstruction,of which perinatal asphyxia ranked first in China.Due to the severe food security crisis,the occurrence of urinary tract obstruction is rising in recent years.The child health care should pay attention to prevent and screen this kind of disease for the high risk group.The diagnosis of AKI is difficult for newborn because serum creatinine and urine are hard to make a definite boundary.So study of early markers of AKI seems to be of great importance,of which neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin and cystatin C are research focuses,treatments should aim at solving primary disease such as ischemic,and so on.Renal replacement therapy is recommended when it comes to severe cases,but mortality still remains high,corresponding to severe primary disease and complications.
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Podocyte is a crucial part of glomerular filtration barrier,whose injury usually cause proteinufla.The structural and functional integrity of podocyte cytoskeleton is a prerequisite for its normal physiological function,and injury of actin-centered cytoskeleton is thought to be the final common path of the foot process fusion of podocyte.Calcineurin(CaN) is a research focus since it was discovered to be the target of cyclospofine and tacrolimus in 1991,while TRPC6 was a newly found protein located at slit diaphragm,a zip-like structure formed by adjacent interdigitated foot process.New evidences support that CaN and TRPC6 mediate injury of podocyte cytoskeleton,interestingly,interactions between CaN and TRPC6 also play a role in regulating cytoskeleton,which remain unrevealed mostly.This review aims to summary the new progress of influences of CaN and TRPC6 on cytoskeleton.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the relationship between the size of primary tumor, pathologic classification, cell differentiation or location of tumor and lymph node metastasis in lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and thirty-two patients with lung cancer underwent pulmonectomy plus extensive dissection of hilar and mediastinal nodes. The law of lymph node metastasis was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 3 280 lymph nodes were removed. Metastatic rates of N1 and N2 were 29.9% and 22.4% respectively. The total lymph node metastatic rates of T1, T2, and T3 diseases were 8.5%, 27.4% and 61.2% respectively ( P < 0.005). No lymphatic metastasis was observed in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, however, the lymph node metastatic rates in moderate- and poor-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were 16.8% and 19.6% respectively. The lymph node metastatic rates were 27.5% and 71.6% in moderate- and poor-differentiated adenocarcinoma respectively ( P < 0.005). The total lymph node metastatic rates in central and peripheral squamous cell carcinoma were 19.6% and 11.7% respectively ( P < 0.005), while in adenocarcinoma, the rates were 57.9% and 24.0% respectively ( P < 0.005). The N2 metastatic rates in central and peripheral squamous cell carcinoma were 10.9% and 2.9% respectively ( P < 0.005), while in adenocarcinoma, the rates were 47.5% and 17.8% respectively ( P < 0.005 ). Under the same T status, cell differentiation or location of tumor, the metastatic rate of adenocarcinoma was much higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma ( P < 0.005 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The frequency of lymph node metastasis significantly correlate with size of primary tumor, pathological classification, cell differentiation and location of tumor.</p>
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Serial determinations of serum CK and MB isoenzyme activities were made in 34 patients after cardiopulmonary operation.They were divided into three groups : (1) closed mitral commissurotomy, (2) cardiopulmonary bypass, and (3) pulmonary operation.Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) did not occur in all the patients.Postoerative serum CK and MB iso;nzyme activities wer; all increased (P